>> In the 17th century, European technology was more advanced than any other. <<

"Advanced" is a subjective term, but certainly the ability to work iron and steel, the ability to make gunpowder, and possibly most importantly, the ability to get to North America and back are important pieces of technology.

>> You suspect quite wrongly. The unceremonious introduction of foreign bacteria is the single largest factor in our decimation throughout the Great Dying (1500-1700), during which somewhere in excess of eighty per cent of our population was fatally reduced. Without this one overwhelming devastation, all else could have been successfully resisted to the point of maintaining our various sovereignties. <<

I suspect that, at worst, North America would have been like Africa, exploited, devastated, but still populated. But likely much better. The much larger numbers would have made resistance much easier and colonization less attractive. But long term differences would only occur if Native Americans learned to adopt european technology. I suspect they would have, but this is all speculation. Either way, I suspect the native cultures were in for a major change.